Hur får man en nisse

Despite his small size, nisse possess immense strength. They are easily offended by carelessness, lack of proper respect, and lazy farmers. As the protector of the farm and caretaker of livestock, their retributions for bad practices range from small pranks like a hard strike to the ear to more severe punishment like killing of livestock or ruining of the farm's fortune. Observance of traditions is thought to be important to the nisse, as they do not like changes in the way things are done at their farms. One is also expected to please nisse with gifts see Blót — a traditional gift is a bowl of porridge on Christmas Eve. If the tomte is not given his gift, he might leave the farm or house or engage in mischief such as tying the cows' tails together in the barn, turning objects upside-down, and breaking things like a troll. The nisse likes his porridge with a pat of butter on the top. In an often retold story, a farmer put the butter underneath the porridge.

When the nisse of his farmstead found that the butter was missing, he was filled with rage and killed the cow resting in the barn. But, as he thus became hungry, he went back to his porridge ricepudding and ate it, and so found the butter at the bottom of the bowl. Full of grief, he then hurried to search the lands to find another farmer with an identical cow, and replaced the former with the latter. In another tale a Norwegian maid decided to eat the porridge herself, and ended up severely beaten by the nisse. The being swore: "Have you eaten the porridge for the nisse, you have to dance with him! The farmer found her nearly lifeless the morning after. The nisse is connected to farm animals in general, but his most treasured animal is the horse. Belief has it that one could see which horse was the tomte's favourite as it will be especially healthy and well taken care of. Sometimes the tomte will even braid its hair and tail. Undoing these braids without permission can mean misfortune or angering the tomte.

Some stories tell how the nisse could drive people mad or bite them. The bite from a nisse is poisonous, and otherworldly healing is usually required. As the story goes, a girl who was bitten withered and died before help arrived. The tomte turns the naughty boy Nils into a pixie in the beginning of the book, and Nils then travels across Sweden on the back of a goose. The nisse or tomte was in ancient times believed to be the "soul" of the first inhabitant of the farm; he who cleared the tomt house lot. He had his dwellings in the burial mounds on the farm, hence the now somewhat archaic Swedish names tomtenisse and tomtekarl , the Swedish and Norwegian tomtegubbe and tomtebonde "tomte farmer" , Danish husnisse "house nisse" , the Norwegian haugkall "mound man" , and the Finnish tonttu-ukko lit. The nisse was not always a popular figure, particularly during and after the Christianization of Scandinavia. Like most creatures of folklore he would be seen as heathen pre-Christian and be demonized and connected to the Devil.

Farmers believing in the house tomte could be seen as worshiping false gods or demons; in a famous 14th-century decree, Saint Birgitta warns against the worship of tompta gudhi , "tomte gods" Revelationes , book VI, ch. Folklore added other negative beliefs about the tomte, such as that having a tomte on the farm meant you put the fate of your soul at risk, or that you had to perform various non-Christian rites to lure a tomte to your farm. The belief in a nisse's tendency to bring riches to the farm by his unseen work could also be dragged into the conflicts between neighbors. If one farmer was doing far better for himself than the others, someone might say that it was because he had a nisse on the farm, doing "ungodly" work and stealing from the neighbors. These rumors could be very damaging for the farmer who found himself accused, much like accusations of witchcraft during the Inquisitions.

Nissedörr, nissebrev och nissebus – detta är nisse flyttar in

The nisse shares many aspects with other Scandinavian wights such as the Swedish vättar from the Old Norse vættr , Danish vætter , Norwegian vetter or tusser. These beings are social, however, whereas the nisse is always solitary though he is now often pictured with other nisser. Synonyms of nisse includes gårdbo " farm yard-dweller" , gardvord "yard-warden", see vörðr in all Scandinavian languages, and god bonde "good farmer" , gårdsrå "yard-spirit" in Swedish and Norwegian and fjøsnisse "barn gnome" in Norwegian. The tomte could also take a ship for his home, and was then known as a skeppstomte or skibsnisse. In Finland , the sauna has a saunatonttu. In other European folklore, there are many beings similar to the nisse, such as the Scots and English brownie , Northumbrian English hob , West Country pixie , the German Heinzelmännchen , the Dutch kabouter or the Slavic domovoi.

Tomte – Wikipedia

Usage in folklore in expressions such as Nisse god dräng "Nisse good lad" is suggestive of Robin Goodfellow. The pair appear on Christmas Eve , knocking on the doors of people's homes, handing out presents. The nisse will deliver gifts at the door, in accordance with the modern-day tradition of the visiting Santa Claus , enters homes to hand out presents. In the s the farm's nisse became the bearer of Christmas presents in Denmark, and was then called julenisse Yule Nisse. In , the Swedish magazine Ny Illustrerad Tidning published Viktor Rydberg 's poem " Tomten ", where the tomte is alone awake in the cold Christmas night, pondering the mysteries of life and death.

Nisse (folklore) - Wikipedia

This poem featured the first painting by Jenny Nyström of this traditional Swedish mythical character which she turned into the white-bearded, red-capped friendly figure associated with Christmas ever since. Gradually, commercialism has made him look more and more like the American Santa Claus , but the Swedish jultomte , the Norwegian julenisse , the Danish julemand and the Finnish joulupukki in Finland he is still called the Yule Goat , although his animal features have disappeared still has features and traditions that are rooted in the local culture. He doesn't live on the North Pole, but perhaps in a forest nearby, or in Denmark he lives on Greenland , and in Finland he lives in Lapland ; he doesn't come down the chimney at night, but through the front door, delivering the presents directly to the children, just like the Yule Goat did; he is not overweight; and even if he nowadays sometimes rides in a sleigh drawn by reindeer, instead of just walking around with his sack, his reindeer don't fly — and in Sweden, Denmark and Norway some still put out a bowl of porridge for him on Christmas Eve.

He is still often pictured on Christmas cards and house and garden decorations as the little man of Jenny Nyström's imagination, often with a horse or cat, or riding on a goat or in a sled pulled by a goat, and for many people the idea of the farm tomte still lives on, if only in the imagination and literature. The use of the word tomte in Swedish is now somewhat ambiguous, but often when one speaks of jultomten definite article or tomten definite article one is referring to the more modern version, while if one speaks of tomtar plural or tomtarna plural, definite article one could also likely be referring to the more traditional tomtar. The traditional word tomte lives on in an idiom, referring to the human caretaker of a property hustomten , as well as referring to someone in one's building who mysteriously does someone a favour, such as hanging up one's laundry. A person might also wish for a little hustomte to tidy up for them. A tomte stars in one of author Jan Brett's children's stories, Hedgie's Surprise.

In some versions the tomte are portrayed as very small; in others they are human-sized. The nisse usually exist hidden from humans and are often able to use magic. The animated series Hilda , as well as the graphic novel series it is based on, features a nisse named Tontu as a recurring character. He is portrayed as a small, hairy humanoid who lives unseen in the main character's home. The appearance traditionally ascribed to a nisse or tomte resembles that of the garden gnome figurine for outdoors, which are in turn, also called trädgårdstomte in Swedish, havenisse in Danish, hagenisse in Norwegian and puutarhatonttu in Finnish. Contents move to sidebar hide. Article Talk. Read Edit View history. Tools Tools. Download as PDF Printable version. In other projects. Wikimedia Commons. Nordic mythological creature. For the band, see Tomte band. A nisse eating Christmas porridge. A nisse as stable-boy. Asbjørnsen Norske Folke- og Huldre-Eventyr [2]. This section does not cite any sources.

Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. November Learn how and when to remove this template message. See also: Little people mythology § Native American folklore. See also: Santa Claus. This section may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. The specific problem is: Doesn't fully account for the "santa clausification" of the nordic countries - see talk. Please help improve this section if you can. December Learn how and when to remove this template message. Ottar Grønvik's study argues that in general, current literature "does not give an accurate picture of their distribution [i. Norsk allkunnebok. Oslo: Fonna forlag. Chapter 9, §6 and endnote Ordet nisset , etc. Scandinavian-Canadian Studies. I svenskspråkiga områden i Finland kallas han Julgubben och har inte samma koppling till folktrons tomtar. Jultomten har hjälp av tomtenissar på engelska, där Santa Claus inte betraktas som en tomte, är medhjälparna i stället alver , elves.

Man kan även använda ordet tomte i överförd bemärkelse. Någon som utför många sysslor på ett företag kan uppskattande kallas för företagets hustomte. En person med helskägg kan också skämtsamt kallas tomte. Ordet tomte kan ibland även användas nedsättande om någon person med avvikande beteende. Uttrycket ha tomtar på loftet betyder att inte vara riktigt klok. Se även: Jultomten. Huvudartikel: Jultomten.

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